Liver disease Q&A Blog

Suitable for patients with fatty liver What to eat? ?

Answer:

The reasons for the formation of fatty liver

Obese fatty liver: As nutritional excess, liver too much fatty tissue around the release of fatty acids increased, resulting in liver fat excretion of obstacles, which eventually led to the accumulation of fat in the liver. According to statistics, 50% of the obese have intrahepatic fatty infiltration phenomenon, severe obesity can occur 96 percent of fatty liver.

Alcoholic fatty liver: 75% ~ 9 5 percent of chronic alcoholics have different degree of fatty liver.

Inflammation of fatty liver disease: The most common is viral hepatitis. Mainly due to chronic hepatitis patients to eat too many calories, more than physical needs of metabolism into a fat stored in the body, which showed liver accumulation of fatty liver.

Diabetic fatty liver: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients suffering from a lower risk of fatty liver, about about 4.5 percent. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients suffering from fatty liver risk of higher, up to 37%.

Nutritional deficiency fatty liver: long-term anorexia, dieting, a particular kind of food, vegetarian, malabsorption syndrome, and gastrointestinal bypass surgery and other reasons, caused by lack of nutrition and body weight, regular use of the fatty tissue, but not in the liver the realization of the normal conversion, so the accumulation to the formation of fatty liver. This is also the Thin Man is also the cause of fatty liver.

Drug and Poison fatty liver: long-term use of certain drugs such as growth hormone, adrenal cortex hormones, tetracycline, antineoplastic agents, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, arsenic, aluminum and so on, which could have led to the occurrence of fatty liver.

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: pregnancy occur in 36 to 40 weeks, those with severe hepatic encephalopathy is often accompanied by fat, kidney failure, gastrointestinal bleeding. Although the incidence of fatty liver and Genetic not directly related to, but due to diabetes, hyperlipidemia (especially chylous hyperlipidemia) genetic correlation with the family, so with the primary disease-related fatty liver and have a certain genetic correlation.

Fatty liver in patients with the principles of diet caring

In order to meet the body's physiological needs, is conducive to the treatment of fatty liver, restaurants need to be nursed back to health with other therapies (such as exercise therapy, personal therapy, rational drug use, etc.) with, in principle, to do the right amount of energy intake, reasonable distribution of the three major nutrients proportion, taking into account their quality, appropriate to add vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, to change bad eating habits.

The cause is different from the principle of caring should be different.

Such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes type �� caused by excess nutrition in patients with fatty liver disease, should strictly control the total calorie and fat intake; alcoholic fatty liver, alcohol is the most important; malnourished, total parenteral nutrition and drugs, poisons and so on due to fatty liver, it should increase the appetite, improve gastrointestinal function, a reasonable increase in nutrition, should be given high-protein, high-vitamin diet.

Energy intake should be reasonable control.

Protein, fat and carbohydrates for energy source of food, and its requirements should be based on age, sex, weight and type of work may be.

Insufficient energy intake, it can not guarantee normal growth and development of children and adolescents and adults to maintain normal physical and physiological functions, but excessive intake of energy will enable patients with weight gain, increased fat synthesis, thus speeding up the fatty degeneration of liver cells.

Reasonable control of the daily energy intake, the treatment of fatty liver is very important.

Should the supply of high protein intake.

Protein rich in essential amino acids (such as lysine, methionine, threonine, cystine, tryptophan, etc.), there is the role of anti-fatty liver, protein can also provide choline, methionine, such as anti-fatty liver factor, so fatty change into a lipoprotein, and then shipped out of the liver, prevent liver fatty infiltration.

Protein should be the total energy of 15-20%, of which 1 / 3 for the move of white material. Protein intake to 90-120 grams appropriate. The supply of protein foods to choose lean meat category (such as rabbit meat, lean beef, lean pork, chicken, etc.), milk, fish and shrimp, egg white and less soybean oil (such as tofu, curd, bean powder ) and so on.

Moderate carbohydrate diet, restrictions and dual monosaccharide sugar intake.

Most people need glucose for 2-4 grams per kilogram of body weight (the total energy of 50% ~ 60%), dietary carbohydrates, the main source for rice, flour and other staples of the epidemiological studies have shown that high-carbohydrate, especially is a high-sucrose nutrition, increase insulin secretion, the promotion of sugar into fat more easily caused by obesity, fatty liver, high blood lipids, such as disease and dental caries.

Patients with fatty liver should be low-sugar food intake, fasting monosaccharide-rich and double-sugar foods (such as high-sugar cakes, dried jujube, confectionery and ice cream, etc.) to promote fat dissipated.

Increase dietary fiber intake.

Dietary fiber can promote intestinal peristalsis, in favor of defecation; it with bile acid binding, increased fecal bile salt discharges have reduced the role of lipids and cholesterol; it can reduce fasting blood glucose level of diabetes and improve glucose tolerance curve; also increase the sense of satiety to prevent the energy trade deficit is conducive to the management of patients receiving diet.

The source of dietary fiber for coarse grains (jade rice, coarse flour,����, wheat bran), dry beans, seaweed, vegetables and water, and so on.

Experts recommend: China most people in the daily diet containing dietary fiber 10-30 grams, fatty liver in patients with dietary fiber daily from 20-25 grams to 40-60 grams.

Experts advise: If long-term intake of high dietary fiber, can lead to a lack of vitamins and inorganic salts.

Multi-vitamin and trace elements.

Liver patients, vitamin storage capacity decline, it should be added. Patients with fatty liver should be more into a variety of vitamin-rich food such as fresh vegetables, fruits, food and other bacteria species.

Selenium and vitamin E in conjunction with, and regulating blood lipid metabolism, prevent the formation of fatty liver and enhance the role of oxidative capacity of hyperlipidemia have certain preventive and therapeutic effects.

Experts recommend: animal foods such as liver, kidney, meat, eggs and seafood are a good source.

Dietary habits and lifestyle adjustments.

Irregular diet, such as frequently skip breakfast or eat three meals a day hunger can not disturb the metabolic dynamics, as obesity and fatty liver incidence provide conditions. Therefore, the promotion of fatty liver in patients with poor eating habits change, the implementation of a regular three meals a day. Diet appropriate light, and to keep attention to the protection of the liver, not����diet to avoid water retention, weight gain, the general control of the volume of salt a day to 4-6 g appropriate.

����harmful to the liver or irritating foods, such as wine, mustard, curry, chilli, so as to protect the liver; In addition, reasonable and adequate drinking alcohol can not be ignored.

References: Health Net newspaper Beijing 777

Fatty liver treatment is multifaceted and should address the causes, and in accordance with the patient's specific condition to carry out comprehensive treatment, be effective. Simple fatty liver is the early stages of the disease, if early detection and timely treatment, is to return fully to normal. Moreover, even if the development of fatty liver hepatitis and fatty liver fibrosis, after active treatment, the liver disease may still be reversed. However, if allowed, once develop liver cirrhosis, even in active treatment for it is very difficult to make the liver back to normal.

Diet therapy:

Dietary fatty liver disease treatment is the most basic method of treatment of people as well as fatty liver disease prevention and control of the situation an important measure of progress. As we all know, the source of heat for food protein, fat and carbohydrates, and its requirements with age, sex and type of work and other factors. Excessive calorie intake can people gain weight, fat synthesis increased, thus speeding up the fatty degeneration of liver cells. Therefore, should develop and maintain a reasonable diet system, lean meat, fish, egg white and rich in fresh vegetables, such as lipophilic substances meals, contribute to the promotion of intrahepatic fat dissipated, high-fiber foods help to increase satiety�м�����Ѫ�Ǻ�Ѫ֬���������Ӫ����ʣ�����֬����������Ҫ��

We are talking about high-fiber food has corn bran, coarse flour, brown rice, nuts, beans, mushrooms, seaweed, fungus, pear, etc. Konjac. At the same time, attention should be given adequate and reasonable water, generally, adult daily need of drinking water 2000ml, the elderly 1500ml, obesity due to the body of water less than the normal 15% to 20%, it takes daily water intake 2200ml ~ 2700ml, an average of every 3 hour intake of 300ml ~ 500ml; drinking water is the best choice for water, mineral water, purified water, as well as light refreshments and so on, must not be a variety of beverages, milk, coffee in place of drinking water. If it is excess nutrients fatty liver, and 20 minutes before drinking, so that a certain degree of fullness of stomach flu, can reduce appetite and reduce food intake contribute to weight loss.

Fatty liver of people should pay attention to the reasonable with the three major nutrients, an increase of protein intake, great importance to the quality and quantity of fat, carbohydrate diet should be adequate to restrict the single-and dual-sugar sugar intake. Need to be reminded that the people of fatty liver should be based on low-fat diet is appropriate, and to plant-based fat, eat as much as possible a number of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (such as olive oil, rapeseed oil, tea oil, etc.), as far as possible Some eat less saturated fatty acids (such as lard, butter,����, butter, cream, etc.), at the same time should be limited to cholesterol intake, such as animal offal, brains, egg yolk, eggs, squid and so on. In carbohydrate intake, we should eat some low-carbohydrate diet, can not eat sugar-rich single-and dual-sugar foods, such as high-sugar cake, ice cream, and sweets such as dried dates.

Fatty liver of people should also be resolutely changed bad eating habits, the implementation of regular three meals a day. Large quantities of alcohol can cause fatty liver, should be firmly temperance. At the same time, excessive eating, snacking night food, between food and over-pursuit of high-grade high-calorie food seasoning concentration will cause excessive accumulation of body fat and should therefore be avoided as far as possible. Irregular diet, such as frequently skip breakfast, or eat three meals a day hunger unequal to disturb the body's metabolic dynamics, as obesity and fatty liver incidence provide conditions. Studies have shown that energy intake in one day the same circumstances, fixed in the evening too much to eat than a regular sub-3 times more likely to get fat eating. In addition, eating too fast are not easy to have a sense of satiety, easy due to excessive energy intake trigger obesity.

Movement Therapy:

Movement types: fatty liver are mainly chosen to exercise the whole body strength and endurance as the goal of systemic low-intensity dynamic movement, which is commonly referred to as aerobic exercise, such as jogging, fast walking (115 ~ 125 steps / min) , Cycling, up and down stairs, climbing, playing badminton,�����, shoot a ball, dancing, doing radio gymnastics, rope skipping and swimming, etc., such movement of people on the fatty liver lipid-lowering diet, and promote liver fat than the effect of dissipating��.

Exercise Intensity: fatty liver should be in accordance with the degree of fatigue after exercise and heart rate (pulse) select the appropriate amount of exercise in order to exercise the pulse of 100 ~ 160 times / minute (170 minus the actual age), continued to twenty or thirty minutes, sports fatigue after 12 minutes in the disappearance of appropriate. One the other hand, the size of physical activity to achieve breathing accelerated slightly sweating after exercise appropriate period of time.

Movement to implement the time and frequency band: According to the study, the same sports and exercise intensity, afternoon or evening than the morning training exercise more than 20 percent of energy consumption. Therefore, the best option exercise time in the afternoon or evening; Walking is the best time to 45 minutes after dinner, when the heat consumption of the largest and the effectiveness of weight loss is also the best. Movement to the implementation of the frequency of 3 to 5 days per week more appropriate, the specific perpetrators of obesity should be based on the degree of leisure time and sports-loving and other factors to decide. If the fatigue after exercise does not last until the next day, every day, exercise can be.

Drug therapy:

So far, no effective prevention and treatment of fatty liver drug. General often choose to protect the liver cells, fat-free, such as drugs and anti-oxidants such as vitamin B, C, E, lecithin, ursodeoxycholic acid, silymarin, inosine, coenzyme A, reduced glutathione, taurine , whey acid carnitine, Glucurolactone, and certain lipid-lowering drugs and so on. Although many of these drugs, but most of them still need to further verify the efficacy and safety, therefore, should be the correct choice under the guidance of a doctor, must not abuse.

Reference: <a href="http://www.qzwb.com/gb/content/2002-05/21/content_494175.htm" target="_blank"> http://www.qzwb.com/gb/ content/2002-05/21/content_494175.htm </ a>

Eat less salt, coarse grains do not eat pork skin and broth

Medical examination when he was diagnosed with mild fatty liver, has become a modern man in the health of the common problems faced. Peking University First Hospital, director of nutrition Professor Sun Mengli told reporters that fatty liver sub-mild, moderate and severe, mild fatty liver treatment of fatty liver is the best time, if they can adjust well in the catering, will be able to control the disease development, has played a very good therapeutic effect.

Professor Sun said, fatty liver, also known as fatty degeneration of the liver is caused by a variety of triglyceride in the liver caused by excessive accumulation of the disease. Therefore, mild fatty liver in patients with the principles of diet therapy is the need to control the total energy supply of high protein, low in fat intake, limiting the intake of cholesterol and carbohydrates.

She pointed out that the specific approach is: mild fatty liver in patients with total daily energy intake should be controlled within a day per kilogram of weight around 20-25 kcal and should not eat too much greasy̫��and to avoid too much fat synthesis; At the same time can be more appropriate choice of skim milk, egg, fish, shrimp and other high-protein low-fat food, to promote recovery and regeneration of liver cells; animal offal, egg yolk, Crab, squid, sardines, brains, eggs such as foods containing high cholesterol is to limit consumption. In addition to cholesterol, should be properly controlled carbohydrate intake, so the best choice of coarse grains and grains such as millet categories, do not eat or eat less refined sugar, honey, fruit juices, jams, preserves, canned fruit and all kinds of dessert. At the same time, fatty liver in patients with mild salt daily volume should be below 5 grams, because salt can increase the secretion of gastric juice, and promote appetite.

In addition, the won does not mean that fatty liver can not eat meat, but to limit the fat, the consumption of pork skin, can be an appropriate choice of fish, rabbit meat and cooked lean pork, beef, chicken and so on. Cooking method, it is better to steam, boil, braise, stew, simmer, stew and other methods, anti-fried, boiled, fried method. A meal of meat in 75 grams -100 grams appropriate, in the drink when the broth to the top thick layer of oilƲ��.

Professor Sun suggested that fatty liver in patients with mild to eat more vegetables and fruits, which is rich in vitamins and minerals, can accelerate the repair of liver cells, in which the dietary fiber can reduce cholesterol absorption, and speed up the excretion of cholesterol, lowering blood lipids. Yogurt, garlic, onions, mushrooms, edible fungus, hawthorn, green beans and other lipid-lowering effect, also should eat a little peacetime. In drinks, the inappropriate Coke, Sprite high-sugar beverages, drink more green tea, or drink fewer sugary drinks Kiwi and hawthorn; the best alcohol, because alcohol can promote endogenous cholesterol and triglyceride Synthesis, increasing the degree of fatty liver and liver damage.

Finally, she pointed out that fatty liver disease is reversible, especially with mild fatty liver, if sustained for diet adjustment, and in line with the appropriate exercise can make cells Shen stains gradually reduce the fat, liver function return to normal

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