Patients with fatty liver diet should pay attention to what
Answer:
The reasons for the formation of fatty liver
Fatty liver in obesity: nutrition because excess adipose tissue around the liver through excessive release of fatty acids increased, resulting in liver fat excretion obstacles, which eventually led to the accumulation of fat in the liver. According to statistics, 50% of the obese have intrahepatic fatty infiltration phenomenon, severe obesity 96% fatty liver can occur.
Alcoholic fatty liver: 75% 9 5% of chronic alcoholics have different degrees of fatty liver.
Inflammation of fatty liver: The most common are viral. Its main causes are chronic hepatitis sick eating too many calories, more than metabolic needs of the body into fat stored in the body, which showed accumulation of liver for fatty liver.
Diabetic fatty liver disease: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients suffering from a lower risk of fatty liver, about 4.5% or so. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients suffering from a higher probability of fatty liver, up to 37%.
Nutritional deficiency fatty liver: long-term anorexia, dieting, eclipse, vegetarian, malabsorption syndrome, and gastrointestinal bypass surgery and other reasons, caused by lack of nutrition and body weight loss, often required the use of fat tissue, but not in the liver achieve a normal conversion, which happened to the accumulation of fatty liver formation. This is also the Thin Man is also the cause of fatty liver.
Drugs and toxicology fatty liver: long-term use of certain drugs such as growth hormone, adrenal cortex hormones, tetracycline, antineoplastic agents, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, arsenic, aluminum, etc., may lead to the occurrence of fatty liver.
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: pregnancy occurred in many 36 40 weeks, severe hair are often accompanied by hepatic encephalopathy, renal failure, gastrointestinal bleeding. Although the occurrence of fatty liver is not directly related to genetic, but due to diabetes, hyperlipidemia (especially chylous hyperlipidemia are) many genetic correlation with the family, so with the primary disease-related fatty liver and have a certain degree of genetic correlation.
Patients with fatty liver diet caring principles
In order to meet the body's physiological needs and is conducive to the treatment of fatty liver, restaurants caring often required with other therapy (such as sports therapy, personal therapy, rational drug use, etc.) with, in principle, to achieve the right amount of energy intake, a rational allocation of the three nutrition ratio, taking into account their quality, appropriate supplementary vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, to change bad eating habits.
Different etiology, different principles should be nursed back to health.
Such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes type caused by excess nutrition in patients with fatty liver disease, should strictly control the total calories and fat intake; alcoholic fatty liver, alcohol is the most important; malnourished, total parenteral nutrition and medicines, poisons, such as caused by fatty liver, it should increase the appetite, to improve gastrointestinal function, a reasonable increase in nutrition, should be given high-protein, high vitamin diet.
Energy intake to reasonable control.
Protein, fat and carbohydrate for energy source of food, and its requirements according to age, sex, weight and type of work may be.
Energy intake is not enough on children and adolescents can not guarantee normal growth and development and the maintenance of adult normal physical and physiological functions, but excessive intake of energy will enable patients with weight gain, increased fat synthesis, thus speeding up the fatty degeneration of liver cells.
Reasonable control of the daily energy intake, the treatment of fatty liver is very important.
Shall be provided with high protein intake.
Protein rich in essential amino acids (such as lysine, methionine, threonine, cystine, tryptophan, etc.), has the role of anti-fatty liver, protein can also provide choline, methionine, such as anti-fatty liver factor, so fatty change into a lipoprotein, and then shipped out of the liver and prevents fatty infiltration of liver.
Protein should be the total energy of 15-20%, of which 1 / 3 for actin white material. Protein intake to 90-120 grams appropriate. The supply of protein foods to choose lean meat category (such as rabbit meat, lean beef, lean pork, chicken, etc.), milk, fish and shrimp, egg white and less soybean oil (such as tofu, curd, bean powder) and so on.
Moderate carbohydrate diet, limiting monosaccharide and disaccharide intake.
Most people need glucose for 2-4 grams per kilogram of body weight (50% of total energy, 60%), dietary carbohydrates, the main source for rice, flour and other staples of the epidemiological studies have shown that high-carbohydrate, especially high sucrose nutrition, increase insulin secretion, the promotion of sugar into fat more easily caused by obesity, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia and dental caries, such as.
Patients with fatty liver should be of low-sugar food intake, fasting glucose-rich single-and dual-sugar foods (such as high-sugar cakes, do Calligonum, confectionery and ice cream, etc.) to promote fat dissipated.
Increase dietary fiber intake.
Dietary fiber may promote intestinal peristalsis, in favor of defecation; it with bile acid binding, increased fecal bile salt discharge, has reduced the role of lipids and cholesterol; it can reduce fasting blood glucose level of diabetes and improve glucose tolerance curve; also increased sense of satiety to prevent energy trade deficit, is conducive to the management of patients receiving diet.
Source of dietary fiber for coarse grains (Ruyu rice, coarse flour,, wheat bran), dry beans, seaweed, vegetables and water, and so on.
Experts recommend: the majority of Chinese people's daily diet containing dietary fiber 10-30 grams, fatty liver in patients with dietary fiber daily from 20-25 grams to 40-60 grams.
Experts advise: such as long-term intake of high dietary fiber, can lead to a lack of vitamins and inorganic salts.
Intake of many vitamins and trace elements.
Sick liver, vitamin storage capacity decline, it should be added. Many patients with fatty liver should be into a variety of vitamin-rich food such as fresh vegetables, fruits, fungi, such as algae food.
Selenium and vitamin E in conjunction with, regulation of lipid metabolism have to prevent fatty liver formation and enhance the role of oxidative capacity, and hyperlipidemia have certain preventive and therapeutic effects.
Experts recommend: animal foods such as liver, kidney, meat, eggs and seafood are good sources.
Adjust dietary habits and lifestyle.
Dietary pattern is irregular, such as regularly skip breakfast or eat three meals a day is not hungry may disturb metabolic dynamics, as obesity and the incidence of fatty liver to provide the conditions. Therefore, the promotion of fatty liver in patients with adverse changes in eating habits, has implemented the law of one three meals a day. Food desirable light, and to keep attention to the protection of the liver, catering notto avoid water retention, weight gain, the general control of the volume of salt per day to 4-6 g appropriate.
harmful to the liver or have irritating foods such as wine, mustard, curry, hot pepper, etc. to protect the liver; In addition, drinking alcohol and fully and rationally can not be ignored.
References: 777 Health Net Beijing China Press
Fatty liver treatment is multifaceted and should address the causes, and in accordance with the patient's specific condition to carry out comprehensive treatment, be effective. Simple fatty liver are the early stages of disease, such as can be early detection, timely treatment, it can completely return to normal . Moreover, even if the development of fatty liver steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis, after active treatment, the liver lesions could still be reversed. However, if allowed, once the evolution of liver cirrhosis, even further active treatment is also difficult to so that the liver back to normal.
Diet therapy:
Dietary fatty liver disease treatment is the most basic method of treatment of people as well as fatty liver disease prevention and control of the situation an important measure of progress. As we all know, the source of heat for the food protein, fat and carbohydrate, and its requirements with age, sex and type of work and other factors. excessive calorie intake allows the person weight gain, increased fat synthesis, thus speeding up the fatty degeneration of liver cells. Therefore, should develop and maintain a reasonable diet system, lean meat, fish, egg white and fresh vegetables lipophilic substances rich meals, contribute to the promotion of intrahepatic fat dissipated, high-fiber foods help to increase a sense of satiety and blood glucose and lipid control, which is caused by excess nutrition fatty liver is particularly important.
We are talking about high-fiber food has corn bran, coarse flour, brown rice, nuts, beans, mushrooms, seaweed, fungus, pear, such as konjac. At the same time, attention should be given adequate and reasonable water, generally, adult day take drinking water 2000ml, elderly 1500ml, obesity due to the body of water 15% less than the normal 20 percent, the daily water intake to be 2200ml2700ml, the average intake of three hours each 300ml500ml; drinking water are the best selection, mineral water, purified water, as well as light refreshments and so on, must not be a variety of beverages, milk, coffee in lieu of drinking water. If excess nutrients are fatty liver, and 20 minutes before drinking water, so have a certain degree of fullness of stomach flu, can reduce the appetite to reduce food intake will help lose weight.
Fatty liver of people should pay attention to the reasonable with the three major nutrients, namely, increased protein intake, attention to the quality and quantity of fat, carbohydrate diet should be adequate to restrict the monosaccharide and disaccharide intake. Necessary to remind that the fat Human liver low-fat diet should be appropriate, and to plant-based fat, eat as much as possible a number of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (such as olive oil, rapeseed oil, tea oil, etc.), try to eat some saturated fatty acids ( such as lard, butter,, butter, cream, etc.), at the same time limit their intake of cholesterol, such as animal offal, brains, egg yolk, eggs, squid and so on. in carbohydrate intake, we should eat something low-carbohydrate diet, should not eat sugar-rich single-and dual-sugar foods, high sugar content such as cakes, ice cream, and sweets such as dates do.
Fatty liver should also be determined to remove people bad eating habits, to implement the law have three meals a day. Substantial long-term drinking can cause fatty liver, alcohol should be resolutely. At the same time, an excessive amount of feeding, eating snacks, drinking the night, between the fresh and over-the pursuit of high-grade high-calorie food seasoning concentration will cause excessive accumulation of body fat and should therefore be avoided as far as possible. dietary pattern irregular, such as regularly skip breakfast or eat three meals a day hunger unequal to disturb the body's metabolic dynamics for obesity and the incidence of fatty liver to provide the conditions. Research has shown that energy intake in a day the same circumstances, the fixed over-eating in the evening than the sub-laws have 3 times more likely to get fat eating. In addition, the consumption rate of over were not easy to have a quick sense of satiety, energy intake due to too much easy to trigger obesity.
Exercise therapy:
Sports Category: fatty liver in order to select the person the main body strength and endurance training as the goal of systemic low-intensity dynamic exercise, which is commonly referred to as aerobic exercise, such as jogging, fast walking (115,125 steps / min), riding bike, up and down stairs, climbing, playing badminton,, shoot a ball, dancing, to do radio gymnastics, rope skipping and swimming and so on, such exercise on the fatty liver Jiangzhi people lose weight, and promote regression of intrahepatic fat better.
Exercise intensity: the people of fatty liver should be based on the degree of fatigue after exercise and heart rate (pulse) select the appropriate amount of exercise to exercise, when the pulse is 100,160 times / minute (170 minus age), continuing twenty or thirty minutes after exercise fatigue flu disappeared in 12 minutes is appropriate. some people think, the size of physical activity in order to achieve speed up breathing, sweating slightly after a period of time appropriate exercise.
Implementation of exercise time and frequency band: According to studies, sports projects and the same exercise intensity, afternoon or evening than the morning training exercise many 20% of energy consumption. Therefore, the best selection exercise time in the afternoon or evening; walks the best time is 45 minutes after dinner, when the heat consumption of the largest and also the effectiveness of the best lose weight. the implementation of the frequency of exercise per week to 35 days more appropriate, the specific perpetrators of obesity should be based on the extent of leisure time as well as the sports-loving and other factors to decide. If fatigue after exercise is not continued until the next day, every day can also exercise.
Drug therapy:
So far, no effective prevention and treatment of fatty liver drug. General often choose to protect liver cells, fat-free, such as drugs and anti-oxidants, such as vitamin B, C, E, lecithin, ursodeoxycholic acid, silymarin, inosine, coenzyme A, reduced glutathione, taurine, carnitine salt whey, Glucurolactone, and certain lipid-lowering drugs and so on. Although a lot of these drugs, but are still required to further validate its efficacy and safety and, therefore, should be under the guidance of Doctor at the correct choice, must not abuse.
Reference: <a href="http://www.qzwb.com/gb/content/2002-05/21/content_494175.htm" target="_blank"> http://www.qzwb.com/gb/ content/2002-05/21/content_494175.htm </ a>
Eat less salt, eat more coarse grains do not eat pork skin and broth
Physical examination when he was diagnosed with mild fatty liver, has become a modern man is facing at the health of the general problem. Peking University First Hospital, director of nutrition Professor Sun Mengli told reporter, fatty liver sub-mild, moderate and severe, light degree of fatty liver treatment of fatty liver are the best times, if they can adjust well in the food and drink, you can control the progression of the disease, play a very good therapeutic effect.
Professor Sun said that the fatty liver, also known as fatty degeneration of the liver is caused by a variety of reasons triglyceride accumulation in liver disease caused by too much. Therefore, mild fatty liver in patients with the principles of diet therapy is the need to control total energy, the supply of high protein, low fat intake, limiting the intake of cholesterol and carbohydrates.
She pointed out that the specific approach are: mild fatty liver in patients with total daily energy intake should be controlled at a daily per kg standard body weight of about 20-25 kcal and should not eat too much greasy̫and avoid excessive fat synthesis; At the same time can be an appropriate choice of many skim milk, egg, fish, shrimp and other high-protein low-fat food, to promote recovery and regeneration of liver cells; animal offal, egg yolk, Crab, squid, sardines, brains, eggs such as high cholesterol containing food are necessary to limit the consumption. In addition to cholesterol, should be properly controlled carbohydrate intake, so the best selection of coarse grains and grains such as millet categories, do not eat or eat less refined sugar, honey, fruit juice, jam and candied fruit, canned fruit and all kinds of dessert. At the same time, mild fatty liver in patients with a daily amount of salt should be at the following five grams, because salt can increase gastric secretion, and promote appetite.
In addition, had fatty liver does not mean that can not eat meat, but to limit the fat, pork skin food can be an appropriate choice of meat, rabbit meat and uncooked lean pork, beef, chicken and so on. At cooking methods, the best use of steaming, boiling, braise, stew, simmer, stew and so on, avoid deep-fried, fried, fried method. a meal of meat at -100 grams of 75 grams is appropriate, at the time to drink the broth thick aboveƲlayer of oil.
Professor Sun suggested that fatty liver in patients with mild to eat many vegetables and fruits, which is rich in vitamins and minerals, can accelerate the repair of liver cells, one of the dietary fiber can reduce cholesterol absorption, and speed up the excretion of cholesterol, lower blood lipids. Yoghurt , garlic, onions, mushrooms, edible fungus, hawthorn, green beans and other lipid-lowering effect has usually also should eat a little. At drinks, the inappropriate Coke, Sprite high-sugar drink, many want to drink green tea, or drink sugary fewer Kiwi and hawthorn beverages; the best alcohol, because alcohol can promote endogenous synthesis of cholesterol and triglycerides, increasing the degree of fatty liver and liver damage.
Finally she pointed out that fatty liver disease are reversible, especially with mild fatty liver, if efforts to adjust to diet and exercise coupled with adequate, it can make cells Shen stains gradually reduced fat, liver function returned to normal the
